退后一步，考虑一下：你的状况如何really认识您的客户？如果您从事涉及金钱的企业，例如银行或保险公司，那么在客户方面可以进行尽职调查。

The process of knowing your customer and verifying your client’s identity has become a common practice among many small businesses. To avoid taking on risky or sheisty customers, learn how to know your customer.

What is know your customer?

Know your customer or client (KYC) is a process where a company researches and verifies a customer’s identity before doing business with them. KYC allows you to access the potential risks of a business relationship.

KYC程序对于帮助您分析和监视风险的客户至关重要。而且，KYC是遵守的法律要求anti-money laundering（AML）法律。

Companies of all sizes can reap the benefits of knowing their customers. KYC allows you to find out details about your customers and avoid doing business with untrustworthy or illegal companies.

KYC可以帮助您确保您不会与参与的公司开展业务：

• 腐败
• Bribery
• 欺诈罪
• 洗钱
• 非法融资或活动(例如,融资内涵rorism)

KYC还可以帮助您确定您的客户在财务方面是否可靠。您可以检查客户是否有任何税收留置权关于他们的业务或破产问题。

KYC laws

了解客户的想法已经走了很长一段路。随着技术和风险的发展，与了解客户有关的法律也是如此。以下是一些有助于使KYC过程栩栩如生的法律。

银行保密法

In 1970, U.S. Congress passed the银行保密法。BSA是《联邦存款保险法》的修正案。BSA要求银行向金融犯罪执法网络和财政部提交五种类型的报告：

• 货币交易报告（CTR）的现金交易超过10,000美元
• 可疑活动报告（SAR）用于现金交易，看起来客户不遵循BSA报告要求
• Foreign Bank Account Report (FBAR) must be filed by any U.S. citizen or resident that owns a foreign bank account with at least $10,000
• 货币仪表日志（MIL）供银行保留所有现金购买的记录（例如，货币订单，出纳支票，旅行者支票），价值3,000美元至10,000美元
• Currency and Monetary Instrument Report (CMIR) is used to report a person or institution that physically transports monetary instruments in excess of $10,000 into or outside of the U.S.

U.S. Patriot Act

2001年的《美国爱国者法》提出了KYC法规，并为美国所有银行强制执行KYC。《爱国者法案》帮助启动了KYC的要求，并将其发展为当今的一切。

该法案还要求金融机构遵守更严格的KYC规则，包括客户识别计划（CIP）和客户勤奋（CDD）。

CIP

The CIPwas developed to help limit money laundering, terrorism funding, corruption, and other illegal activities. The main goal of the CIP is for you to verify your customers are who they say they are.

CIP要求任何进行金融交易的个人都已验证其身份。金融机构使用CIP来确定希望与他们进行交易的个人。

Although CIP helps guide businesses on pinpointing risky clients, it’s up to each business to determine the level of risk. For a successful CIP, complete a风险分析of your customer.

CDD

The Patriot Act requires banks or businesses to file a suspicious activity report if it notices illegal or unusual activity. But without knowing its customers, businesses are not able to meet this requirement. To meet KYC rules, CDD comes into play.

CDDis an important element in managing risks and protecting you and your business. With CDD, you must identify and understand your customers’ activities. Then, you can use the information you find to assess how risky they are to your business.

客户尽职调查可以分为几个不同的类别：

• Simplified Due Diligence (SDD)
• Enhanced Due Diligence (EDD)

SDD is used in situations where risk is very low and full CDD is not necessary. For example, you might do SDD for a customer who has accounts with lower values.

EDD is when you collect additional CDD information about a customer. Typically, you will do EDD for higher-risk clients to get a deeper understanding of their business activity.

Financial Crimes Enforcement Network

在2016年，新的金融犯罪执法网络或FinCen规则要求所有银行收集拥有合法实体拥有25％或更多股权的个人的姓名，出生日期，地址和社会保障人数。不包括独资经营或非法人协会。

KYC process

Although each company is different, the KYC process is similar for any business that wants to know their customer. Ready to know your client? Follow the steps below.

1.让客户填写KYC表格

当您开始与潜在客户讨论业务时，请直接了解您的KYC政策。

Some businesses opt to have potential clients fill out a KYC form to get to know their customers better. This form usually includes the customer’s:

• Name
• Title (e.g., owner)
• 地址
• Phone number
• 电子邮件地址
• 社会安全号码
• 身份证明（例如护照，驾驶执照）
• Signature
• Date

Businesses might also use an electronic know your customer form to gather KYC documents. You can use an electronic identity verification (e.g., Lexis Nexis) to collect information about your potential customers. The KYC details you gather electronically are typically the same as a paper KYC form.

2. Create a CIP

要启动您的KYC程序并保持合规性，请制定客户身份证程序。

在您的CIP中，概述如何验证客户的身份。包括您将询问潜在客户的信息以及如何验证提供的信息。

Consider also including how you will notify customers about your KYC policy and identity verification procedure.

3. Look at CDD

在研究CDD时，请看简化和增强的尽职调查。如果您的客户看起来有风险，请花更多时间研究公司（或个人）以验证其合法性。

当需要其他CDD（又称EDD）时，请查看类似的事情：

• Location of the person and business
• The business’s transactions
• Pattern of activities

After you complete CDD for a customer, assess how risky they are. Consider creating risk profiles for each customer. That way, you can keep track of customers and look for patterns.

In your KYC policy, outline different levels or factors of riskiness. For example, you might consider a customer high-risk if they have numerous higher outgoing transactions in their account.

4. Continue to monitor customers

Now, you may think your job is done once you assess the customer’s risk and verify their identity. However, KYC is an ongoing process. Just because a customer passed your KYC test does not mean they should be off the hook.

继续监视每个客户的风险活动。您应该继续关注的某些因素包括：

• 活动中的尖峰
• 异常行为的模式
• 非法活动

如果您发现当前或潜在的客户有可疑活动，请尽快终止业务关系。根据您的业务，您或您的银行可以报告活动。

Banking institutions can file a可疑活动报告（SAR）报告异常的客户活动。

准备简化您的会计流程了吗？爱国者的会计软件让您轻松管理书籍，查看报告等。你在等什么？开始您的自我引导的演示今天！

我们随时准备继续对话。给我们类似Facebook并分享您对我们最新文章的想法。

这不是法律建议；有关更多信息，请click here.