作为企业主,您可以计算各种数字来确定您公司的财务状况。这些数字之一要保留您的雷达。继续阅读以了解什么是毛利率,以及如何帮助您为商品或服务设定价格。
什么是毛利率?
Gross margin is your business’s net sales minus your cost of goods sold (COGS). Basically, gross margin is the revenue your company has after incurringdirect costs从生产您的商品或服务。
您的净销售在从您的利润中扣除折扣,退货和津贴之类的事情后,向您的业务收入显示。要查找净销售额,请从总销售额中减去扣除额(例如折扣)。
Cost of goods sold生产您的产品或服务的成本是多少。您的齿轮可以包括直接材料和直接人工费用之类的东西。要计算齿轮,请在此期间一起添加您的开始库存和购买。然后,减去您的结局库存。
Check out the gross margin formula below:
Gross Margin=净销售 - 出售商品成本
The higher your gross margin is, the more efficient your business is at producing its goods and services.
Gross margin represents the portion of each dollar your business retains. For example, if your gross margin is 40%, you are earning $0.40 for each dollar of revenue you earn.
毛利率与净额
如果您以前听说过净利润,您可能想知道,毛利率和净利润之间有什么区别?
Unlike gross margin, net margin includes all of your business’s expenses, not just the expenses related to your COGS. When you calculate your net margin, you must subtract your COGS as well as administrative, financial, and other expenses from your net sales.
Gross margin helps your company assess the profitability of your manufacturing activities, while net margin helps you calculate your company’s overall profitability.
如何计算毛利率:示例
您如何找到毛利率?使用上面的公式,让我们看一些计算毛利率的示例。提醒您,这是毛利率公式:
Gross Margin = Net Sales – Cost of Goods Sold
示例1
假设您的企业当年的净销售额为50,000美元。您出售的商品成本为20,000美元。
毛利润= $ 50,000 - $ 20,000
您的企业的总毛利率为30,000美元。这意味着在您减去生产产品或服务的成本多少之后,您将剩下30,000美元。
有些企业希望将其毛利率视为百分比而不是美元金额。要将您的毛利率转换为一个百分比,请使用以下公式:
Gross Margin = [(Net Sales – Cost of Goods Sold) / Net Sales] X 100
使用上面的相同数字用于净销售和齿轮,您可以将业务的毛利率计算为百分比。
毛利润= [($ 50,000 - $ 20,000) / $ 50,000] x 100
你今年的销售毛利率塞ntage is 60%. This means your business has 60% of its revenue left over after it pays direct costs (cost of goods sold).
示例2
假设您拥有T恤业务。您以30美元的价格出售每件T恤。您的齿轮每衬衫$ 15。
毛利润= $ 30 - $ 15
毛利率(百分比)= [($ 30 - $ 15) / $ 30] x 100
您的gross margin for each T-shirt you sell is 50%. This means you have half of your revenue left over after you factor in cost of goods sold.
如何提高毛利率
理想情况下,您的毛利率越高,您的业务越好。例如,您宁愿毛利率为70%,而毛利率为15%,因为这意味着您的利润更高。
请记住,毛利率因业务而异,也可能因您的行业而异。而且,请记住,对于初创企业来说,毛利率通常较低。
If you’re looking to increase your gross margin, you can:
- 增加价格
- 降低直接成本(COGS)
- Decrease inventory waste
- Adjust your offerings
- 添加新服务或产品
理解毛利率的重要性
您的gross margin can tell you a number of things. It can show you that your COGS is too high, pricing is too low, or offerings need an update or change.
许多企业主无法认识到其毛利率的重要性,尤其是没有那么多财务经验的新创业所有者。
计算业务的毛利率可以帮助您:
- Evaluate profitability
- 存钱
- Determine yourbreak-even point
Knowing your business’s gross margin is essential in assessing your profitability. Calculating gross margin lets you see how much profit you make after you factor in your cost of goods sold. Without your gross margin, you wouldn’t know how profitable your business is and whether or not you need to make adjustments to prices or direct costs.
如果您想省钱,您的毛利率可以帮助您。如您在一个示例中看到的,您可以按产品计算毛利润。计算毛利率可以向您展示是否花费太多时间或在某些产品或服务上劳动。拥有毛利率可以帮助您做出决定,从长远来看,可以使成本保持降低并提高利润。
要了解您公司的收支平衡点,请利用您的毛利率。收支平衡点是您需要赚取的收入数量才能使总销售额达到总费用。例如,如果您的业务费用总计50,000美元,毛利率为50%,则您需要赚取100,000美元来支付您的费用并打破。
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This article has been updated from its original publication date of March 6, 2015.
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